De-SPAC D&O liability insurance protects target companies while merging with SPACs, as opposed to SPAC D&O liability which protects the SPAC itself. Any parties can be held liable, including the acquiring company, the target company, the SPAC entity and its sponsors, and even the accountants and bankers.
If the newly public company properly protects these individuals with a D&O policy for the new entity, they can be held personally liable if the company underperforms. Shareholders can also object to the merger, securities litigation can be started, and the risk of insolvency can arise, as can derivative and regulatory actions.